Ref: Tur1/347/2004

                                                                                                                        24 May 2004

 

 

CENTRAL ARBITRATION COMMITTEE

 

TRADE UNION AND LABOUR RELATIONS (CONSOLIDATION) ACT 1992

 

SCHEDULE A1 – COLLECTIVE BARGAINING: RECOGNITION

 

DECISION ON WHETHER TO ACCEPT THE APPLICATION

 

 

The Parties:

 

AMICUS

 

And

 

GE Thermometrics (UK) Ltd

 

 

Background

 

1.                  Amicus (the Union) submitted an application to the CAC dated 26 February 2004 that it should be recognized for collective bargaining purposes at GE Thermometrics (UK) Ltd (the Company) in respect of a bargaining unit comprising of “Production shop floor group of employees”. The CAC gave both parties notice of receipt of the application on 26 February 2004 and invited responses from the company with regard to the application.

 

2.                  In accordance with section 236 of the 1992 Act, the CAC Chairman established a Panel to deal with the case. The Panel consisted of Professor John Purcell, Chairman, and as members Mrs. Diana Palmer and Lord David Lea OBE. The Case Manager appointed to support the Panel was Mr. Humphrey Uddoh.

 

3.                  The Panel is required by the Act to decide whether the Union’s application to the CAC is valid within the terms of paragraphs 5 to 8; is made in accordance with paragraphs 11 or 12; is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 33 to 42 of schedule A1 to the Act; and therefore should be accepted.

 

4.                  In its application, the Union submitted that there were 105 workers in the bargaining unit it proposed of whom 58 were union members. The Union also indicated that they had a petition conducted between 17 and 25 February 2004 showing support for recognition that they would be willing to provide to the CAC on a confidential basis. In its reply to the Union’s application, the Company stated that while it did not agree with the proposed bargaining unit, it agreed with the number of workers in the bargaining unit as stated by the Union. The Company also responded that it did not have any knowledge of membership levels within the union’s proposed bargaining unit and added that it had, and submitted, written evidence of workers leaving the Union. The Company also provided evidence of a Secret Employee Ballot conducted at the Company on 3 March 2004 by Popularis ltd (balloting agency), which showed that a majority of the workers in the Company did not support recognition. The Company did not contest any other elements in the Union’s application relating to the admissibility tests.

 

5.                  To assist the determination of the admissibility criteria namely, whether 10% of the workers in the proposed bargaining unit are members of the union and whether a majority of the workers in the proposed bargaining unit are likely to support recognition of the union, the Panel proposed a check to be undertaken by the Case Manager of the level of Union membership and support within the bargaining unit. It was explicitly agreed between the parties that, to preserve confidentiality, neither list would be copied to the other party. These arrangements were confirmed in a letter dated 23 March 2004 from the Case Manager to both parties. The Company provided a list of 104 workers to the Case Manager together with a list of employees who had notified the Company that they had withdrawn from the Union on 25 March 2004. The Union provided on 25 March 2004 a list of members certified by a full time officer together with a petition of workers in the bargaining unit showing support for the Union. A report of the checks undertaken was circulated to the Panel and the parties on 1 April 2004.

 

6.                  The results of the check was that there were 104 workers in the Union’s proposed bargaining unit of whom 49 were members of the Union; a membership level of 47.1%. None of those who were known to have resigned from the union were included in the union’s list of members. The petition check showed that of the 104 workers in the proposed bargaining unit 58 had signed the petition showing a support level for recognition of 55%.

 

7.                  The parties were notified that the Panel intended to arrange a hearing on acceptance and requested to provide submissions for this purpose. A hearing was held on 27 April 2004 and a list of those who attended the hearing is appended to this decision.

 

The Hearing

 

Union’s submission

 

8.                  At the hearing the Union put forward its case that its application should be accepted. The argued that their membership figures within the bargaining unit as confirmed by the membership check conducted by the CAC showed that not only did they meet the 10% test, they were close to having a majority of membership in the bargaining unit. They argued that with the figures from the membership check it was an obvious proposition that a majority of the workers would be likely to favour recognition and used previous CAC decisions and analysis from legal journals to support their point.

 

9.                  With regard to the ballot conducted by the Company, the Union argued that the results could not be relied upon for a number of reasons. Firstly there were allegations of intimidation of the workforce by the Company. Evidence was given at the hearing, that at a meeting of all workers the MD of the Company told workers that the Plant would close within 6 months if the Union became recognized. The Union provided evidence of briefings for the workers indicating that recognition will bring about a loss of flexibility which the parent company would not stand for and would endanger the future of the plant and their jobs. They pointed out that all this went on at a time when the Union had no official access to the workforce and coupled with the one-to-one meetings where pressure was put on workers to resign from the union and a “25th hour” speech on the issue by the worldwide CEO of the company placed unreasonable pressure on the workers to vote against recognition.

 

10.             The Union further argued that this ballot was not specific to its proposed bargaining unit but to the whole workforce and stated that even with the one-sided campaign and misinformation there was still at least 46% of the workforce in favour of recognition even though it had asked its members not to take part in the ballot. The petition they argued had been conducted only shortly before the secret ballot and even with the hostile climate had still recorded a majority support including from non-members for recognition.

 

11.             They stressed that the company JCC was not fully constituted and as such could not be said to be representative of the workers. A CAC organised ballot will be seen as independent by the workers and will allow the Union to also run a campaign there by ensuring that the results would be more likely to reflect the true wishes of the workers.

 

Company Submissions 

 

12.             The Company argued that the Union’s application should not be accepted. While accepting that the Union may have the 10% membership, they argued that they had not satisfied the “majority likely to” test for acceptance.  They contended that the employer had a right to independently test the level of support for recognition within the company, and that the secret ballot, about which no challenge of integrity has been made, conducted on behalf of the Company by an independent balloting agency was very reliable evidence as to the views of the workers on recognition. They pointed out that the Company had taken this unusual step because from talks it was having with the workers and through the JCC they were convinced that there was not a majority support for recognition among the workers.

 

13.             Arguing why the ballot results could not be ignored, the company pointed at the very high turnout for the ballot even though the union had asked its members not to take part as a sign that support for the union was not that high. They also argued that this high turnout demonstrated the high degree of confidence placed in the ballot by the workers contrary to the Union’s argument and stressed that the statements made by the MD to the workforce about closure were his personal views which the Company had sought to distance itself from reassuring the workforce that the plant will be judged on its performance and recognition would only matter if it adversely affected performance.

 

14.             The Company and dismissed allegations of intimidation as, a misrepresentation or misunderstanding of the company’s attempt to make its views about recognition know by the workers. The Company made counter accusations that some union activists had put pressure on fellow workers to sign the Union’s petition, which they argued cast a doubt on the support figures shown by the petition.

 

15.             They argued that the results from the Company run ballot, which showed that a majority of workers in the company and indeed in the proposed bargaining had not voted in favour of the union, was unchallengeable evidence that a majority of the workers were unlikely to favour recognition of the union for collective bargaining. They further argued that employees continue to support the Company’s internal processes in relation to matters, which might otherwise fall to be negotiated by the Union if it were to obtain recognition.

 

Considerations

 

16.             The Panel has to decide, firstly, whether, under paragraph 36(1)(a) of the Schedule, members of the union constitute at least 10% of the workers in the proposed bargaining unit and, secondly, whether, under paragraph 36(1)(b), a majority of the workers constituting the proposed bargaining unit would be likely to favour recognition of the union as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.

 

17.             The Panel is satisfied that the Case Managers check, which showed that 47.1% of workers in the proposed bargaining unit were members of the Union and that 55% of workers in the bargaining unit supported recognition, was properly conducted and that the tests under paragraph 36 have been satisfied.

 

18.             As is often the case in disputed union recognition cases, allegations of intimidation were made by both parties of the other’s conduct. There may have been pressure on a few individuals to resign their union membership, and to take part in the ballot (which was a properly conducted secret ballot), and some individuals may have been pressurised into signing the petition. However, the Panel did not consider there was sufficient grounds to discount or overlook the results of either the ballot or the petition. Potentially more serious allegations were made by the union to the effect that the Managing Director of the Taunton establishment had implied that the plant would be shut down of seriously disadvantaged in the eyes of its corporate owners if the union was recognized. The Panel noted the clear efforts of corporate management to distance themselves from these remarks and to reassure the workforce of the corporation’s commitment to the plant. It is, of course, impossible for the Panel to judge the effect of these statements one way or the other. The Panel must rely on the evidence before it.

 

19.             The contradictory results of the ballot and the petition have been carefully considered by the Panel who were aided by submissions at the hearing from both parties. The Panel notes that union membership is very near the majority threshold despite some members having resigned. The Panel were informed that one person had subsequently re-joined the union. Taken with the petition, which was conducted only a short period before the secret ballot was held and had to be done covertly in the workplace, the Panel believe the combined result of membership levels and extra support by some non-members provides a figure of 55% of the workers in the bargaining unit likely to support union recognition. It is not possible to know the precise level of voting in the secret ballot of those workers in the bargaining unit who were opposed to union recognition but the best estimate appears to be in the region of 52%. This cannot be seen as an overwhelming vote against the union’s claim for recognition and is not enough to set aside the result of the petition and solid union membership.

 

 

Decision 

 

20.             In the light of all the evidence given above, the Panel’s decision is that the application is accepted by the CAC.

 

 

 

Panel

 

Professor John Purcell

Mrs. Diana Palmer

Lord David Lea OB

 

24 May 2004